They look to be indicating potholes (or rather sets of them) as a prelude to filling them in. This one is outside our house; as you can see, it's number 23. Number 1 is at the end of the road about a hundred yards away.
It'll be great if they do fix them, but on the way to work I drive past some similar markings that have been there for months, so I don't suppose we'll be driving on a smooth surface just yet. My guess is that the repairs will come just before the first major snowfalls of winter, to make sure that our joy is but short-lived.